Standardization of Acid

Fisheries 155 February 16, 2015 F155 Lab, MTh 1:00-4:00 February 26, 2015

I. Standardization of Acid : HCl

II. Background

The process used to determine the concentration of a solution with very high accuracy is called standardizing a solution. To standardized an unknown solution, you react the solution that solution with another solution whose concentration is already known very accurately.

Standardization is the process of determining the exact concentration (molarity) of a solution. Titration is one type of analytical procedure often used in standardization. In a titration, an exact volume of one substance is reacted with a known amount of another substance. The point at which the reaction is complete in a titration is referred to as the endpoint. A chemical substance known as an indicator is used to indicate (signal) the endpoint (Beczi, 2005).

Standard solutions are used to determine the concentrations of other substances, such as solutions in titrations. The concentrations of standard solutions are normally expressed in units of moles per liter (mol/L, often abbreviated to M for molarity) or in terms related to those used in particular titrations such as titers. A simple standard is obtained by the dilution of a single element or a substance in a soluble solvent with which it reacts (Simon, 2008).

Titration uses an apparatus called a burette, which is very accurately graduated glass cylinder with a stopcock or pinchcock that allows the solution it contains to be delivered in anything from a rapid stream to drop-by-drop. Because titration is a volumetric procedure, the accuracy of the result s depends on the concentration of the reagent used in the titration.

Hydrochloric acid is...