Blood and Blood circulatory
system
Microb-204
Chapter overview
• Structure, composition and function of human
blood
• Human blood grouping
• Human blood clotting
• Anatomy of heart, vein, artery, capillary
• Blood circulatory system
• Blood cancer
Blood structurescells, plasma
• Blood consists of two
parts
– Plasma
– Blood cells
• Plasma-waters, proteins,
electrolytes, gases,
nutrients, waste product,
hormones.
• Serum- plasma without
fibrinogen (clotting
factors)
Blood structures-cells, plasma
Albumins
• Negatively charged
• Transport calcium ions and drugs
Globulins
• Haptoglobulin transports
hemoglobin from erythrocytes
• Transferrin transports iron
• Immunoglobulins provides
immunity
Blood cells
1. Red blood cells/
erythrocytes- carry
oxygen/CO2
2. White blood
cells/leukocytesProtection
a. Granular leukocytesneutrophils, basophils,
eosinophils
b. Agranular leukocytesmonocytes, lymphocytes
3. Platelets- play role in
coagulation of the blood.
• Neutrophils
– Phagocytosis
• Basophils
– Release histamine
– Release heparine
• Eosinophils
Effective in parasitic infection
Detoxify some immune
reaction products
Functions of Blood
1. Transport
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Nutrient
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Waste products
Hormones
2. Protection
1.
2.
3.
Invasion of microorganisms
Damage from toxic substances
Blood loss
3. Regulation
1.
2.
3.
Water content of cells
pH of body fluids
Body temperature
RBC (Erythrocytes)
• Contain hemoglobin, avg 280 million
• Hemoglobin consists of the protein globin and non
protein part heme
• 2 alpha, 2 beta polypeptide and inside each a molecule of
heme, a complex molecule called porphyrin.
• CO2 is carried in the globin portion
• Constantly dying and producing, at a rate- 2.5 million/sec
• Iron, Vit B12, folic acid must be present
RBC (Erythrocytes)
Regulation of RBC
• Kidney produce erythropoietin when blood oxygen...
