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Date Submitted: 10/10/2012 10:19 PM
10/2/2012
2.4 Organizational Influences on Project Management
The organizational culture, style, and structure influence how projects are performed. An organization’s degree of project management maturity and its project management systems can also influence the project.
2.4.1 Organizational Cultures and Styles
Cultures and styles
◦ may have a strong influence on a project’s ability to meet the objectives. ◦ Cultures and styles are typically known as “cultural norms”. ◦ The “norms” include a common knowledge regarding how to approach getting the work done, what means are considered acceptable for getting the work done, and who is influential in facilitating the work getting done.
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2.4.1 Organizational Cultures and Styles
Most organizations have developed unique cultures that manifest in numerous ways including:
◦ Shared visions, values, norms, beliefs, and expectations ◦ Policies, methods, and procedures ◦ View of authority relationships, and ◦ Work ethic and work hours
2.4.2 Organizational Structure
Organizational structure
◦ is an enterprise environmental factor which can affect the availability of resources and influence how projects and conducted.
Organizational structures range from functional to projectized, with a variety of matrix structures between them.
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Table 2-1
2.4.2 Organizational Structure
The classical functional organization
◦ is a hierarchy where each employee has one clear superior.
Staff member are grouped by specialty, such as production, marketing, engineering, and accounting at the top level.
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Figure 2-7
2.4.2 Organizational Structure
Matrix organizations are a blend of functional and projectized characteristics.
◦ Weak matrices maintain many of the characteristics of a functional organization, and the project manager role is more of a coordinator or expeditor than that of a true project manager.
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