Unit 14 Anatomy Study Guide

Week 14 Study Guide – The Endocrine System

1) What are hormones?

A regulatory substance that stimulates specific cells or tissues into performing a certain action

2) How are hormones transported?

Hormones are transported by the blood stream throughout the body

3) Why is the pituitary gland called the “Master” gland?

The pituitary gland controls the functions of all of the other endocrine glands

4) What are the two segments of the pituitary?

Neurohypophysis and adenohypophysis

5) Where is the thyroid gland located?

Wrapped around the trachea

6) What are the symptoms of myxedema?

Low blood pressure, low body temperature, significant swelling all over the body, collection of fluids around the lungs and heart

7) Why is a rabbit shown on the slide of hyperthyroidism?

Hyperthyroidism causes an increased heart rate and rabbits have a very high heart rate

8) How many parathyroid glands do we have?

Four

9) What does the pancreas have to do with the Endocrine system?

It secretes insulin and hormones

10) What are the 3 types of cells in the pancreas?

Alpha, beta, and delta

11) Where are the adrenal glands located?

On top of both of the kidneys

12) What are the 3 types of hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex?

Glucocorticoids, mineral corticoids, and androgens

13) What is Cushing’s disease?

A prolonged increase in adrenal cortex hormones caused by a tumor located on the pituitary glands

14) What hormones are secreted by the ovaries and testes?

Estrogen and testosterone

15) What are the complications of Diabetes?

The body either doesn't secrete enough insulin or it secretes too much

16) How is glucose converted to energy?

Glucose binds to carrier proteins to pass into the cell where it is absorbed for energy

17) What is the overall function of the endocrine system?

The endocrine system regulates various body systems by synthesizing and releasing hormones

18) What are the male and female sex...