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1. It is clear from the image that through the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, there is a clear ridge, symbolising the Mid Atlantic Ridge, supporting the theory of plate tectonics. Furthermore, off the coast of North Western Africa and Southern Portugal, we can see a series of features in the middle of a plate.

However, this image does not support the plate tectonic theory due to its lack of detail regarding other factors supporting the theory, such as fossil remains found in South Africa and Brazil, or fossil plants in India and Antarctica. Additionally, this image does not show sea floor spreading, therefore paleo-magnetism, showing periodically reversing magnetic fields cannot be seen.

2. Extrusive volcanicity involves two forms of lava, basaltic and andesitic and rhyolitic lava. Basaltic is formed from magma that is low in silica, making for a more fluid magma that allows gas bubbles to expand on the way up to the surface so preventing sudden explosive activity. Andesitic lava is silica rich magma that is very viscous. This often solidifies before reaching the surface, leading to a build-up of pressure and to a violent explosion.

Fulmaroles are areas were superheated water turns to steam as it condenses on the surface. Where there are small volcanic areas without cones and the escape of steam and water mixed with sulphur rich gases occurs, these are called Solfatara.

Geysers occur when water, heated by volcanic activity, explodes onto the surface, for example Yellowstone National park. Water heated at depth in the crust by magma chambers can periodically escape as steam and hot water. A geyser is a turbulent discharge of superheated water ejected and accompanied by a vapour phase. Where hot water is on its way up, it mixes with the muds near tue surface, a bubbling, boiling mud volcano may form. In some places these feature have become tourist attractions

Hot springs or boiling mud occurs when water, heated below the surface doesn’t explode onto the...