Public Policy Evaluation

Public policies are created in order to have some sort of effect on a particular policy problem (Lester, p. 119, 2000). However, since no two problems are exactly alike in terms of the amount of variables, then it would be reasonable to say that no two policies are exactly alike either. Due to the fact that each problem has its own variables, goals, and criteria for success; each problem must then be evaluated differently as well.

Based on the information that is trying to be attained along with any obstacles and constraints, differing methods of policy evaluation can be called for in each particular case. This paper will cite two separate articles which demonstrate two different policy evaluation theories. Furthermore the paper will analyze why each method was used in each case.

Impact Evaluation

“This evaluation is concerned with the end results of a particular program. That is, did the program or policy produce the intended result on the target population?” (Lester, p.122, 2000). Impact evaluation sets a standard that will be the baseline or criteria for success for a program and measures the results after implementation. For example Stanley H. Werlin and Helen H. Schauffler wrote an article regarding consumer health education in America. They cite 31 impact studies done at 20 different sites across America.

“The four major variables, which these studies measured were participant knowledge, attitude, health related behavior, and health status” (Schauffler, p. 596, 1978). Different forms of impact evaluations were used but all used baseline data pre-program as well as post-program (Schauffler, p. 596. 1978). This study was completed years ago and at the time the results pointed to the fact that “the ability of consumer health education programs to foster beneficial impact on patient knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and health status has been reasonably demonstrated” (Schauffler, p. 596, 1978). The findings did indicate that this conclusion...