Essay

1.How managers should react to changes during a project.

• Team approach.-The project manager and labor team should conduct joint problem-solving.

When employees are included in the decision-making process, they are more vested in its success.

The team may be able to generate alternatives to project change.

• Communication.- This is the most important strategy. Words and actions need to be clear, open, honest, direct, timely, and consistent in order to support recovery. Management and labor representatives must be able to clearly communicate the goals, direction, and actions to reduce speculations.

Examples of communication methods are: letter from project manager to all employees, establish a "transitional communication

team comprised from each level of the organization to help alleviate speculations.

• Education.-Managers should ensure that each team member is aware of how it may be impacted by the given changes and needs to be prepared to plan and respond.

This may include contacting the Training Office for education/training in areas such as managing change, quality management, team building, communications skills, time management, conflict resolution, and stress management.

• Empathy and Listening.- Managers who express empathy will be helping employees manage the changes.Also, encouraging employees to talk about their feelings and situation and listening to them will provide management with an idea of what their concerns are and what needs

to be done.

• Power of Praise-more than ever, existing employees, who may experience increased workloads and pressures, need recognition. Simple recognition is appropriate e.g., "You did a great job on your monthly report." That shows that the organization values their service.

Treating exiting and remaining employees with kindness, respect and value builds trust and loyalty.

2.PERT.

Stands for Program Evaluation Review Technique a methodology...