Unit 12 Study Guide

Anatomy review for the nervous system - Week 12 Study Guide

1. Distinguish the difference between neuron, neuroglial cells, Schwann cells, neurofibrils, and astrocytes.

Neuron | Neuroglial cells | Schwann cells | Neurofibrils | Asreocytes |

the structural and functional cells reacting to the physical and chemical changes in their environment. | the supporting cells necessary for nourishing and maintaining the neurons, among other functions. | The cell that wraps around a nerve fiber to form a protective myelin sheath. | A fibril in the cytoplasm of a nerve cell, visible by light microscopy. | star-shaped cells located between neurons and blood vessels. |

2. What is the difference between dendrites and axons?

Dendrites | Axons |

Transmits signals into the cell body | Transmits signals away from the cell body |

3. What color does myelin (the lipid-protein layers that form a sheath around an axon) appear? The color myelin appears white.

4. What are the 2 main parts of the nervous system? The two main parts of the nervous system are the central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS).

5. What are 3 functions of the nervous system? The three main functions of the nervous system are:

* Receive information

* Transfer and interpret

* Send appropriate impulses/instructions to the muscles and glands.

6. What is the junction between 2 communicating neurons called? The junction between two communicating neurons is called synapse.

7. What is the simplest nerve pathways called? The simplest nerve pathway is called the reflex arc.

8. Put the following in the correct sequence to identify the path a reflex arc takes: effector, sensory neuron, motor neuron, receptor, and interneuron.

Receptor, Sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, and effector.

9. What are the membranes called that are located between the bone and soft tissue of the nervous system? The three membranes that are located between the bone and soft tissue of the...